IBM Proto-Chiptune Pop MP3, Circa 1962

It’s difficult to not picture trim young lab techs pogo’ing amid bunsen burners and microscopes when you listen to the synthesized pop music collected on Music from Mathematics: Played by I.B.M. 7090 Computer and Digital to Sound Transducer. A file posted by the freeform radio station WFMU back in 2003 compiles several tracks from the album, which was released in 1962 on the Brunswick label. And like the so-called “chip-tune” music of today that these experiments pre-figured, the ancient I.B.M. recordings have a certain nuance that comes from a certain lack of nuance (MP3). Chip-tune musicians eke melodies and rhythms out of out-of-date technology; the only difference with Music from Mathematics was that, at the time, the machine in question, the I.B.M. 7090, was state-of-the-art. In addition to familiar melodies, including a timely Christmas favorite (“Joy to the World”), the WFMU MP3 features numerous blippy sine-wave ditties.

The WFMU commentary helpfully identifies the cover’s designer as legendary Columbia Records art director Alex Steinweiss. It also playfully dismisses as “boffins” the people responsible for having programmed Music from Mathematics, but in fact contributors to the album included experimental composers James Tenney and Max Matthews. Just for reference, it is Matthews for whom the graphic-interface music environment Max/MSP is named, and according to additional information posted at the great record-cover gallery 317x.com, Matthews was responsible for the “Joy to World” transcription, among others heard here. The 316x.com site reproduces the album’s complete liner notes, which open dramatically:

The course of human development has always been marked by man’s striving for new techniques and tools in pursuance of a better life. This is most dramatically manifested in the fields of science and technology. But this dissatisfaction with available materials and methods and the corresponding search for new ones is also evident in the arts, and artists have continually sought to improve the tools of their trade.

Original WFMU post at the great ubu.com website.

Interviews Up: Steve Reich, Monolake, netlabel, circuit-bender

This site was upgraded expertly by Nathan Swartz of clicknathan.com from my decade-old handcoded HTML to a proper WordPress install on July 26, 2007. Left lingering for me to take care of was a relatively small proportion of back articles, mostly from the “interviews” and “reports/essays” sections.

Just today I’ve uploaded five more of the backdated interviews: with Donald Bell, better known as Chachi Jones, bender of circuits; with Robert Henke, better known as the minimal-techno legend Monolake; with John Kannenberg and with Brad Mitchell (aka Pocka), both musicians who run netlabels (respectively stasisfield.com and kikapu.com); and with minimalist composer Steve Reich, dating from the release of the album Reich Remixed.

Just housecleaning.

tangents / Stockhausen, venues, samples

News, Quick Links, Good Reads: (1) One of the most formidable figures in 20th-century music has died. Karlheinz Stockkhausen, born August 22, 1928, passed away on December 5, 2007 (washingtonpost.com, washingtonpost.com, therestisnoise.com, nytimes.com, guardian.co.uk, guardian.co.uk). The obituary from the news service bloomberg.com seems particularly unfriendly. It poses the following as a kind of question, though a rhetorically unsympathetic one, judging by the piece as a whole: “Stockhausen’s later works do a disservice to the sage and savior who became seen as a shamster and a simpleton.” A blog post by musician Steve Roden balances the ups and downs of Stockhausen’s career without coming down so firmly on the downs: “well, first it was the death of evel knievel, now karlheinz stockhausen has passed. they say deaths come in threes, but i can’t imagine there’s a third person out there who’s such a combination of genius and trainwreck” (inbetweennoise.blogspot.com).

Since this summer, when I received it as a birthday gift, I’ve been listening often to a recording by Paul Hillier and his Theatre of Voices of Stockhausen’s Stimmung (Harmonia Mundi), an extended, trance-inducing choral work that finds a common ground between Western liturgical tradition and what’s come to be grouped together in my imagination as “Tuvan,” singing that treats the vocal chords like a jaw harp. I was fascinated on a recent trip to and from New York via the Virgin America airline to have found an excerpt of Stimmung on the in-flight entertainment system (disquiet.com). If you’re hankering for something to listen to immediately, the Disquiet Downstream entry of August 16 of this year was a mashup of a Stockhausen’s “Helicopter String Quartet” and a riveting chunk of techno by Plastikman (MP3, disquiet.com). If that sounds in any way disrespectful, then it’s all the more likely that Stockhausen would have approved. As for the image (detail left) selected by the New York Times to accompany the obituary, written by Paul Griffiths, I’m not so sure.

Also recently deceased: (2) Pimp C, born Chad Butler (December 29, 1973 ”“ December 4, 2007), a rapper and producer, was a founder of the deeply soused sound that’s come to define the hip-hop of his native Houston (chron.com, nytimes.com); (3) music historian H. Wiley Hitchcock (September 28, 1923 ”“ December 5, 2007), who is quoted in an obituary on the subject of the antipathy by musicians, especially jazz musicians, for certain genre terminology: “Schoenberg didn’t like the word ”˜atonality’ either, and Philip Glass doesn’t like ”˜minimalism.’ That’s tough!”(nytimes.com).

(4) Concert-goers in the San Francisco Bay Area were alerted to tough news about the great Oakland performance space, 21 Grand:

We are prevented from having live shows due to permit issues resulting from our unfortunate proximity to another venue being visited by the Alcholic Beverage Action Team of the Oakland Police Department that took notice of us after 7 1/2 years. We have been allowed to present our next two scheduled events, but with a capacity limited to 49 people. Other events will be relocated, and information will be posted on our website. If you want to make reservations (advisable) – please call or email. Please be there at least 10 minutes before the scheduled door time, or your place will be given to someone who is here. There is also to be no alcohol at events at 21 Grand. We are working towards complying with the copious regulations and requirements of the City of Oakland to get a cabaret license and maybe, if we’re lucky, a beer and wine license. We also greatly apologize for the last minute-ness of this information.

21 Grand is central to the Bay Area music scene, and in particular it’s a spot where various eminent instructors at nearby Mills College — permanent and visiting, including Pauline Oliveros, Fred Frith, Zeena Parkins, and John Bischoff — frequently play out (21grand.org). … (5) In related (good) news, the Chicago performance space Lampo, under direction of Andrew Fenchel, has successfully relocated (chicagoreader.com, timeout.com, lampo.org).

(6) The website of Powell’s Books has been posting guest blog entries by contributors to Continuum Books’s 33 1/3 series, including Drew Daniel, whose book on Throbbing Gristle‘s Twenty Jazz Funk Greats is due out soon, and who wrote at powells.com about the writing of his book, and at one point quite well summarizes the challenge of writing about music in general: “The result is, hopefully, a compromise between private obsession and public user-friendliness.” In related news, Daniel finished his Ph.D. in English this spring at UC Berkeley (dissertation title: ‘I Know Not Why I Am So Sad’ : Melancholy and Knowledge in Early Modern English Portraiture, Drama, and Prose) and is now on the faculty of the English department at Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore (jhu.edu; bio excerpt: “In his spare time, he is also one half of the electronic duo Matmos).

(7) Galactic drummer Stanton Moore has published a call to assist the great New Orleans drummer Johnny Vidacovich, for whom a perfect storm of Hurricane Katrina and arthritis has caused much hardship: “I want to keep him from having to play every single gig that comes his way so that the arthritis doesn’t get worse.” I lived in New Orleans for four years and saw countless concerts during that time, highlights among them often having at their core the Zen presence of Vidacovich’s lanky percussion work. Info on how to help at jambase.com. … (8) There’s also a benefit for Todd Blair of Survival Rearch Labs (karenmarcelo.org). He is suffering from cancer.

(9) A conversation at newmusicbox.org with the authors of Spaces Speak, Are You Listening?: Experiencing Aural Architecture, Barry Blesser and Linda-Ruth Salter: “Music has become a much more a private experience than a manifestation of social cohesion.” … (10) Also at newmusicbox.org, composer Carl Stone in his ongoing blog: “I’m willing to bet that Tokyo has the most intentionally introduced sounds.” … (11) I missed the recent concert by Chris Watson (of Cabaret Voltaire) and Florian Hecker at RML in San Francisco, but fortunately for those of use who didn’t attend, Erik Davis did: “Towards the end, in one corner of the vast mix, I could swear I heard a deep dark growling voice that sounded neither like a seal or a man but some primeval Grendel-like dweller of the threshold. My spine crackled” (techgnosis.com). … (12) The music critic Simon Reynolds (Blissed Out, Energy Flash) has launched reynoldsretro.blogspot.com, in which he is reprinting his past pieces. … (13) A brief interview (createdigitalmusic.com) with Norman Fairbanks, who made an album with the Tenori-On instrument, the subject of the November 19 Disquiet Downstream (disquiet.com).

(14) Artist Tom Moody contributed on his blog (tommoody.us) the following proposed correlations:

largo: chopped & screwed
adagio: downtempo
andante, moderato: hiphop
allegro: house, garage
vivace: hardcore
presto: gabber
prestissimo: speedcore

(This paragraph has been updated; I’d mistakenly misread Moody’s entry the first time, and thought he’d simply located that list on Wikipedia.)(15) Composer and critic Kyle Gann notes a literal-minded Wikipedia correction of the definition of “downtown music”: “The term ‘downtown music’ can mean something entirely different, depending on the type of downtown a city has” (artsjournal.com/postclassic, wikipedia.org). The apparent misunderstanding on the part of the editor is humorous, but it also helps point out what could be deemed a little presumptuous about the use of a term as generic as “downtown” to refer solely to the downtown of Manhattan. And I say that with full respect for “downtown music,” as someone who once lived “downtown” (in the late 1980s) and who spends far too much time, to this day, listening to albums on John Zorn‘s Tzadik record label.

The best hip-hop blogs have long since morphed from places to snag MP3s for free to intensive research institutions: (16) visit earfuzz.com for an investigation of the myriad samples that went into the Dust Brothers‘s backing track to the Beastie Boys‘s “Shake Your Rump,” listing 10 identifiable sources; and (17) visit 33jones.com to read about how the recent team-up of the late producer J Dilla and still extant rapper Busta Rhymes, on the excellently titled album Dillagence, includes another notable contributor, Raymond Scott (1908-1994), the inventor and cartoon/library/jingle-music genius, who was sampled for a track. (Just to close this out, I previously mentioned Oliver Wang‘s soul-sides.com‘s “Who Flipped It Best?” series, in which he compares various uses in different songs of the same sample — disquiet.com.)

(18) The new-music ensemble Alarm Will Sound, perhaps best known for adopting work by Aphex Twin, has been doing a piece by pop-minded, digital-music noisemeister Mochipet (aka David Wang) in recent concerts (rgable.typepad.com). … (19) Intermorphic is a new generative music system; its development can be tracked at intermorphic.com. … (20) The major classical-music record label Deutesche Grammophon has launched an online digital-music store and it includes a “special website” for its contemporary holdings: deutschegrammophon.com. … (21) Jazz keyboardist and composer Joe Zawinul, who passed away back on September 11, 2007, released this year a new arrangement of “In a Silent Way” (title of the Miles Davis album on which it originally appeared), on an album titled Brown Street (Heads Up); I didn’t know this until I saw that he’s up for a posthumous Grammy for the piece, for “Best Instrumental Arrangement.”

Kabir Carter’s Ghostly Room Tones at White Box (NYC)

At exactly 6:02 pm on Saturday, November 17, the ghosts entered the White Box gallery. This is a few weeks back, when Kabir Carter performed at White Box, a basement exhibit space deep in Manhattan’s Chelsea district.

The ghosts were sounds, and those sounds were of the room but not presently evident in the room. The space was momentarily full of clanking and voices, none of it emanating from the small group of people, among them myself and some families with small children, who had arrived in time for the scheduled start of show. We were all still as sculpture in the space, which was empty aside from Carter’s modest setup: a folding table, some mixing equipment, three speakers, and a telltale microphone stand.

The ghostly noises, and then silence: an extended pause, followed by more noises, some familiar, some not, some seemingly transformed by digital devices. Carter’s mode had been made evident: he was recording sounds in the room, then playing them back to us, having altered them in a variety of ways. Hence the work’s title, Overexcited Recaptures. The most prominent elements included the footsteps of people entering and exiting (notably some of those families) by way of the long ramp that connects the gallery to the street above. Late in the piece, children were literally heard but not seen. At one point I thought I heard cellphone that had rung earlier on, but there’s always a chance its owner had simply stuffed it deep in a bag so as to muffle the sound.

A lot of the sounds weren’t noticeable until Carter drew our attention to them, especially the tones inherent in the space, small noises that had been amplified well beyond their natural volume levels. Thick tones appeared occasionally, with no self-evident point of origin.

Though the sounds themselves were fascinating, their root in the near present gave them an added visceral dimension. I had the urge one might get in a cave or at the base of a canyon, to scream or clap in order to witness how the nature of the space — or in the case or Carter’s piece, the nature of the system — would transform and reflect the sound back at me.

The gallery is called White Box but its most characteristic architectural element is like a mortician’s idea of a catwalk, a concrete slab that extends partially across the floor and supports a load-bearing column. The initial batch of attendees first stood up above the sunken level where Carter had stationed himself, but as time went on, many of us made our way onto the main floor and spread out — out among the ghosts.

Carter’s piece was part of White Noise II, a month-long series of sound art events and exhibitions curated by Esa Nickle. These included work by Michael Northam, James Fei with Kato Hideki, and Eva Sjuve, as well as a restaging of a seminal John Cage work. In related events, Phill Niblock performed on December 7 and Michael Schumacher is scheduled to do so on December 13.

Additional info and documentation, including photos, though no apparent sound, at whiteboxny.org. Kabir Carter’s webpage is kabircarter.com.

tangents / Score Keeper (Vangelis, Golijov, typewriters …)

News on Quiet, Minimal and Otherwise Atmospheric Music on the Big and Small Screens: (1) It isn’t yet listed in imdb.com, but according to Movies That Rock (Condé Nast magazine supplement this winter), Gustavo Santaolalla (Babel, The Motorcycle Diaries) is scoring I Come with the Rain by Scent of Green Papaya director Anh Hung Tran. Tran’s three previous feature-length films were all scored by Tôn-Thât Tiêt.

(2) A reviewer of the score to No Country for Old Men suggests that by limiting the amount of music in a film, a composer might do himself, or herself, a disservice: “There is music during the end titles, but it’s not enough to qualify composer Carter Burwell for any serious awards consideration” (soundtrack.net).

(3) Grammy nominees for “Best Score Soundtrack Album for Motion Picture, Television or Other Visual Media” are Babel (Gustavo Santaolalla), Blood Diamond (James Newton Howard), The Departed (Howard Shore), Happy Feet (John Powell), Pan’s Labyrinth (Javier Navarrete), Ratatouille (Michael Giacchino). I don’t take much stock in the Grammys, but I’m still disappointed James Newton Howard’s Michael Clayton, which I’ve listened to endlessly since it was released on CD, was passed over; I’ll have to give his Blood Diamond another listen. In related news, Philip Glass is up for “Best Instrumental Composition” for “I Knew Her” (from the movie Notes on a Scandal). For the additional award info: grammy.com.

(4) BioShock won “Best Original Score” at the 2007 Spike TV Video Game Awards, which is especially interesting because it’s the rare orchestral (largely non-electronic) score for a game
(music4games.net). It was featured as a free download in the October 18, 2007, Disquiet Downstream (disquiet.com).

(5) Director Ridley Scott isn’t the only person involved in the recently re-released Blade Runner who fiddled with it after its original release; theplaylist.blogspot.com unpacks the decision-making of Vangelis, who composed its score. … (6) Also in that post, news that Osvaldo Golijov did the music to Francis Ford Coppola‘s forthcoming Youth Without Youth. And according to imdb.com, he’s already at work on Coppola’s next one, Tetro, rumored to star No Country‘s Javier Bardem.

(7) From yesterday’s New York Times review (nytimes.com), by A.O. Scott, of the film Atonement:

Boxy cars rolling up the drive; whispers of scandal and family secrets; coitus interruptus in the library, all set to the implacable rhythm of typewriter keys.

Two characters make significant use of a typewriter — one is an aspiring playwright, the other a yearning rural swain — but the sound of the machine is co-opted by Dario Marianelli, who wrote the movie’s score and who conjoins the clack-clacking of mechanical composition with the steady plink of a repeated piano note. At a climactic moment Brenda Blethyn, who can be as subtle an actress as Mr. Marianelli is a composer, leaps screaming from the darkness and begins beating on the hood of a car with an umbrella, a tocsin that joins the plink and the clack in a small symphony of literal-minded irrelevance.

That pretty much describes the rest of “Atonement,”…

By coincidence, this is from a review of a new Tan Dun classical work also from yesterday’s New York Times (nytimes.com; the website doesn’t list the author, and I’ve already recycled my print copy):

A typewriter, closely amplified, taps away. A few string players operate from balconies. None of the sounds produced are particularly striking by themselves, but watching them being made, on camera and at close quarters, passes the time pleasantly. “The Gate”glides by in much the same manner.

(8) News on a remix album of music from the video game Lumines (music4games.net). … (9) A completist’s guide, with video accompaniment, to “video clips from classic films featuring tasty electronic music” including Logan’s Run, Suspiria and more (audiolemon.blogspot.com).