I was asked by Rotterdam-based musician Michael Banabila to write liner notes for his forthcoming release of archival material, Early Works / Things Popping Up from the Past, which is due out on June 3 (vinyl, CD, digital) via Bureau B / Tapete Records. Four tracks of its eleven total are already available for streaming as part of [the pre-order page on Bandcamp](https://banabila.bandcamp.com/album/early-works-things-popping-up-from-the-past-cd-vinyl-lp):

Here is my essay:

“Michel Banabila’s Early Works”

Numerous threads run through the music of Michel Banabila, whose contemporary work ranges from adventurous electronic cross-breeding of chamber instrumentation, to industrial rhythmic sampling, to outward-bound modular synthesis, to deeply elegiac drones.

What is remarkable about this collection of early pieces is just how many of Banabila’s ongoing fascinations had already taken root, when he was barely half his current age. The child apparently is not merely the father to the man; he is also his music tutor. In particular, there are extended sequences of neoclassical loveliness and dense patches of Fourth World exploration that, matters of specific equipment aside, could have been recorded yesterday. Except that they weren’t.

The classical activity heard here constitutes a romantic attachment to the Old World, filtered through a contemporary sense of proportion. Banabila’s piano, its atmospheric gestures bringing to mind the proto-minimalism of Erik Satie, echoes with a disarming simplicity. The sweetness of the tune masks his determined compositional focus on loop-like repetitions, on the ever so slight variations between pulses, on training the listener’s ear to hear inside the notes, between the notes, to be receptive to matters that are more tactile than tonal. The melody could easily be an additional hundred years old — except for fact that the refined patterning is something that likely only could have been pursued in light of the music of Michael Nyman and Philip Glass. Similarly, a solo harmonium performance circles around a song that could be a maudlin street-corner serenade in a benighted district of a nameless Eastern European city — and yet it has a self-consciousness of the instrument’s breath-like quality that marks it, however subtly, as modern music.

And, of course, this isn’t modern music. This is music several decades after the fact. It is no longer of our time. The equipment on which it was made, notably an early sampler, was limited in various ways, key among them the relatively circumspect set of capabilities, especially in terms of memory storage, and the lack of received performance techniques. The equipment was simple and it was new, and neither factor limited Banabila’s ambition; to the contrary, the tools concentrated his imagination.

If the classical pieces represent the Old World as framed by the new, then the more recognizably “electronic”work here is likewise most at home in a fictional place, an idealized zone. That zone is a quiet neighborhood in the Fourth World, to borrow Jon Hassell’s terminology, one in which digital tools render something that is, for all its technological dependency, ultimately a form of folk music — an otherworldly folk music for another time. At that time and in that place, a percussive guitar figure lends momentum to ethereal synthesized choral vocals. Fidgety percussion plays amid a fierce but restrained guitar line (there are echoes of Laurie Anderson and Adrian Belew). An ambiguous and elongated drone, thick with subliminal activity, beautiful in its toxic anxiety, suggests dire activity on the horizon.

And yet the horizon wasn’t dire. Quite the contrary, what was ahead for Banabila was a long string of releases, a healthy and well-documented career in which so many of these individual threads have been provided time and space to have entire records dedicated to their pursuit. This album of archival works is a document, and what it documents is the continuity inherent in Banabila’s music. It is a map in musical form, and the path it traces is one that crisscrosses back and forth between the Old World and the Next.

The word “ambient” means different things to different people in different contexts. Even though the elegant “Refound Theme” by Jonathan Brodsky is built around rhythmic material, in particular a semi-randomly plucked thumb piano, those cycles of percussion become almost fog-like as they proceed. There’s no certain beat to the beat, as it were. It’s a slender constellation that’s ever shifting, albeit slightly, gently, never drawing attention to itself — a quality that is at the essence of ambient.

The metal and wood produce sounds that suggest bell tones and bicycles, caged birds and archaic gears. There’s the thumb piano, and glockenspiel, and as it makes its way Brodsky adds a through line of tremulous, ever so remote clarinet. The piece has a sweet affectlessness that makes it loopable, that softens the percussion, that suggests it as background music.

Track originally posted at [soundcloud.com/jonbro](https://soundcloud.com/jonbro/refound-theme). Brodsky is based in Seattle, Washington.