My One George Booth Story

September 19, 1981

My one George Booth story: The first large outdoor concert I ever attended was the Simon and Garfunkel reunion in Central Park, which occurred on September 19, 1981. It was a Saturday. I remember opening up the New York Times and seeing this huge advertisement for a concert by one of my then favorite groups, who had broken up before I’d even entered kindergarten. A long decade had passed since then. This was now the first semester of 10th grade for me. I called some friends to see if they wanted to go. I lived out on Long Island, an easy train ride into the city — not that, if I remember correctly, I had ever gone into the city without an adult at that point. (Maybe I had?) Only one friend’s parents consented. We took the train in, had an amazing time, and then when the concert was over, everyone heading downtown filled the streets, curb to curb, and the sidewalks, as well. There were too many people, and cars just had to wait as this massive phalanx made its way. A sizable portion of those funneled into Penn Station, and of those a substantial subset ended up on the train that my friend and I took back to Long Island. It was the most packed I’ve ever been on a train, just filled shoulder to shoulder, knee to knee. Everyone clearly had come from the show. Except there was this one older man right next to me, leaning with his back against the door. He looked confused. I struck up a conversation, and this man turned out to be George Booth, who lived even further out on Long Island than I did. (And it occurs to me that I’m just a few months older now than Booth was that day.) We chatted about various things. I was really into comics, and we talked about illustrators a bit. I eventually asked what he was thinking going into the city today of all days. He said he wanted to get some work done and he figured Saturday at the office would be quiet.

RIP, George Booth (1926 – 2022)

Imperial Death Rattle

A sonic weapon on Andor

It’s worth noting the title of the ninth episode of the first season of Andor is “Nobody’s Listening!” Andor is part of the ever-expanding Star Wars storytelling enterprise, and it’s some of the best Star Wars to date, up there with the first couple of movies, the Rogue One film, the Mandalorian TV series, and the Clone Wars cartoons.

Part of what makes the show work is its score, by Nicholas Britell, which in its precision, its emphasis on drones, and its dramatic percussive elements, marks a stark comparison to the old-world orchestral grandeur of nearly all previous Star Wars, which bore the imprimatur of John Williams even when he wasn’t the lead composer. I don’t know if Britell’s work on Andor is memorable unto itself, per se (the most striking bit thus far may have been a moment on the all-city planet of Coruscant that sounded, purposefully, like an outtake from Vangelis’ work on Blade Runner), but that doesn’t matter. What matters is the music’s impact on the story — stories, plural, because there are so many threads to Andor.

Music sets the tone for what happens on screen. It also sets the tone for the sort of stories that can be told. By emphasizing situational atmosphere over mythical characters, Britell’s score is true to the newly democratized nature of Andor, which is not about dynastic power struggles hinging on bloodlines or about the senior members of a quasi-religious order of inhumanly powerful space wizards, but instead about near-anonymous ordinary individuals who, as part of a nascent rebellion against galactic imperialism, strike blow after blow to counter tyranny.

Inevitably, and true to the norms set by Star Wars creator George Lucas, the depiction of tyranny comes in the form of Nazi-adjacent imagery — and so it is that, when a woman with tangential connections to the rebel movement is due to be interrogated, she come face to face with someone with the pale complexion and hollow cheeks that bring to mind Ronald Lacey’s Major Arnold Toht — he of the melting face — from Raiders of the Lost Ark, which Lucas co-wrote. This interrogator’s name is Gorst — Dr. Gorst — and in the episode “Nobody’s Listening!” he delivers one of the most memorable speeches in recent science fiction — up there with [Charlotte Hale’s “God’s music” rant](https://disquiet.com/2022/07/25/gods-music/) in the fourth season of the ([just canceled](https://www.msn.com/en-us/tv/news/e2-80-98westworld-e2-80-99-canceled-at-hbo-after-four-seasons/ar-AA13KHSV)) series Westworld.

The episode’s title is a direct reference to a different scene, one involving the titular character, who is currently imprisoned and learning, the hard way, just how little care the empire has for human life.

Where Gorst is concerned, however, people are listening, indeed. It’s Gorst’s job, as assigned by Dedra Meero (who is from the imperial equivalent of the Gestapo), to extract information from Bix, a black marketeer who is an old friend of Andor, who in turn is being hunted by the empire. (It’s an irony on the order of Catch-22 that the empire is unaware that it already holds Andor in one of its prisons.)

Gorst stands in a dark, windowless chamber, preparing to torture Bix. He wheels over a tray, its contents out of view, shades of Marathon Man’s famed dental scene. However, it turns out all the tray contains is a box with a pair of headphones.

Gorst explains why while Bix is strapped to a chair:

>“The restraints are nothing to be feared. It’s much safer for you to be tethered as we engage. There’s nothing intrinsically, um, physical about this process, but we’ve had some early trials that were a bit chaotic. There’s an Outer Rim moon called Dizon Fray. There was a sentient species there — quite unusual. Extremely hostile to the concept of an Imperial refueling center that was being planned. I say “was” because they created such a stir that the local commanders were granted permission to use any means necessary. And, um, well, what’s important for our purposes here today is that the massacre of the Dizonites was broadcast and recorded as proof of mission. They make a sound as they die — a sort of choral, agonized pleading. It was quite unlike anything anyone has ever heard before. There were three communications officers monitoring the documentation, and they were found hours later huddled together in various states of emotional distress, in a crawl space beneath the ship’s bridge. We’ve taken the recordings and modified them slightly — layering, adjusting. And we found a section of what we believe are primarily children, which has its own particular effect. Doesn’t take long. It won’t feel that way to you inside. But, um, let me know when you’re willing to cooperate. Oh, and if you’re having difficulty speaking, just shake your head from side to side.”

At this point Meero chimes in with unwelcome assistance: “It’s repeat listenings that cause the most damage.”

Gorst’s speech immediately brings to mind one of Alec Guiness’s finest moments in the movie we’ve come to call A New Hope, when his Obi-Wan Kenobi says to Luke Skywalker, “I felt a great disturbance in the force, as if [millions of voices suddenly cried out in terror](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GpGDk39mtZE) and were suddenly silenced.” That occasion is the destruction of the planet Alderaan, home of Princess Leia (this article has already gotten deep enough into Star Wars lore, so suffice to say that the connection from Andor to Alderaan is self-evident to anyone who’s seen Rogue One).

The mirror image is the thing: In A New Hope, the screams evidence the vast empathic powers of Jedi: deaths can be sensed across the universe. We witness the destruction, but the main satisfaction we witness on the part of the empire is simply that the Death Star functions: it’s a mechanical victory in A New Hope, a beta test, a violent proof-of-concept exercise. In the more intimate realm of Andor, we witness how the cries of the slaughtered can be turned into a weapon — not on the scale of a planet-killer like the Death Star, just one fragile human mind at a time. We don’t just see a mere lack of empathy — we see its cold, heartless, self-congratulatory antipode.

And to the show’s further credit, we in the audience ever don’t hear what the tortured Bix hears. Sometimes the best sound design option is no audio at all. Perhaps attempts were made by Andor’s sound production crew to recreate — to imitate — what Bix hears, but in the end we hear nothing. We just see Bix’s eyes and forehead as the alien audio’s impact hits her. Seconds pass. And then Bix screams.

(And thanks to Bruce Levenstein, who guessed correctly that I’d be writing about this scene.)

Disquiet Junto Project 0566: Outdoor Furniture Music

The Assignment: Imagine the ur-ambient Erik Satie musique d’ameublement concept en plein air

This is the cover image for the project. It's pixel art. It shows a chair and a table on green grass against a blue sky with two bright white clouds.

Each Thursday in the Disquiet Junto group, a new compositional challenge is set before the group’s members, who then have just over four days to upload a track in response to the assignment. Membership in the Junto is open: just join and participate. (A SoundCloud account is helpful but not required.) There’s no pressure to do every project. It’s weekly so that you know it’s there, every Thursday through Monday, when you have the time.

Deadline: This project’s deadline is the end of the day Monday, November 7, 2022, at 11:59pm (that is, just before midnight) wherever you are. It was posted on Thursday, November 3, 2022.

Tracks are added to the SoundCloud playlist for the duration of the project. Additional (non-SoundCloud) tracks appear in the [llllllll.co discussion thread](https://llllllll.co/t/disquiet-junto-project-0566-outdoor-furniture-music/).

These are the instructions that went out to the group’s email list (at tinyletter.com/disquiet-junto):

Disquiet Junto Project 0566: Outdoor Furniture Music
The Assignment: Imagine the ur-ambient Erik Satie musique d’ameublement concept en plein air

Step 1: Familiarize yourself with the concept of furniture music, or musique d’ameublement in the original French. This was an idea of Erik Satie’s. Often cited as a precursor to ambient music, it was music that would mix in with the furnishings, and serve as furnishings. Presumably these were indoor activities.

Step 2: Imagine the concept of furniture music transported outdoors.

Step 3: Record some “outdoor furniture music.”

Eight Important Steps When Your Track Is Done:

Step 1: Include “disquiet0566” (no spaces or quotation marks) in the name of your tracks.

Step 2: If your audio-hosting platform allows for tags, be sure to also include the project tag “disquiet0566” (no spaces or quotation marks). If you’re posting on SoundCloud in particular, this is essential to subsequent location of tracks for the creation of a project playlist.

Step 3: Upload your tracks. It is helpful but not essential that you use SoundCloud to host your tracks.

Step 4: Post your track in the following discussion thread at llllllll.co [https://llllllll.co/t/disquiet-junto-project-0566-outdoor-furniture-music/](https://llllllll.co/t/disquiet-junto-project-0566-outdoor-furniture-music/)

Step 5: Annotate your track with a brief explanation of your approach and process.

Step 6: If posting on social media, please consider using the hashtag #DisquietJunto so fellow participants are more likely to locate your communication.

Step 7: Then listen to and comment on tracks uploaded by your fellow Disquiet Junto participants.

Step 8: Also join in the discussion on the Disquiet Junto Slack. Send your email address to [email protected] for Slack inclusion.

Note: Please post one track for this weekly Junto project. If you choose to post more than one, and do so on SoundCloud, please let me know which you’d like added to the playlist. Thanks.

Additional Details:

Deadline: This project’s deadline is the end of the day Monday, November 7, 2022, at 11:59pm (that is, just before midnight) wherever you are. It was posted on Thursday, November 3, 2022.

Length: The length is up to you. How long is your lawn party?

Title/Tag: When posting your tracks, please include “disquiet0566” in the title of the tracks, and where applicable (on SoundCloud, for example) as a tag.

Upload: When participating in this project, be sure to include a description of your process in planning, composing, and recording it. This description is an essential element of the communicative process inherent in the Disquiet Junto. Photos, video, and lists of equipment are always appreciated.

Download: It is always best to set your track as downloadable and allowing for attributed remixing (i.e., a Creative Commons license permitting non-commercial sharing with attribution, allowing for derivatives).

For context, when posting the track online, please be sure to include this following information:

More on this 566th weekly Disquiet Junto project — Outdoor Furniture Music (The Assignment: Imagine the ur-ambient Erik Satie musique d’ameublement concept en plein air) — at: https://disquiet.com/0566/

More on the Disquiet Junto at: https://disquiet.com/junto/

Subscribe to project announcements here: https://tinyletter.com/disquiet-junto/

Project discussion takes place on llllllll.co: [https://llllllll.co/t/disquiet-junto-project-0566-outdoor-furniture-music/](https://llllllll.co/t/disquiet-junto-project-0566-outdoor-furniture-music/)

The cover image for this project is from DALL·E 2. The prompt: “outdoor furniture, pixel art, sunny day.”

This Week in Sound: Weaponized Rickrolling

A lightly annotated clipping service

These sound-studies highlights of the week originally appeared in the November 1, 2022, issue of the free Disquiet.com weekly email newsletter This Week in Sound: [thisweekinsound.substack.com](https://thisweekinsound.substack.com).

VIRAL HIT: “Spreading Deadly Pathogens Under the Disguise of Popular Music” is the catchy title of the article in question (read the [PDF](https://arxiv.org/pdf/2210.03688.pdf)). Its authors **designed music to trick the sensors in a biolab to leak hazards**. The resulting music triggers resonant-frequency thresholds used in the safety system. (That’s my poor paraphrase.) This is, in a manner of speaking, weaponized rickrolling.

This is a flow chart depicting, in a series of steps, how the attack described in the article might occur.
That’s Entertainment: From the pop charts to a flow chart

“The attacker selects music and inserts segments of resonant frequencies within the music … using a software named Adobe Audition. Though someone who has listened to the music many times before may identify the change in the music, the vast majority of people will either be oblivious of the change or will incorrectly ascribe the change in the music to a speaker issue.” The song used as an example? “Hello” by Adele. The authors are a professor (Mohammad Abdullah Al Faruque) and two researchers (Anomadarshi Barua and Yonatan Gizachew Achamyeleh) from the University of California, Irvine. *(Found via Geoff Manaugh. The original image, from which this one was extracted, was published with a Creative Commons Attribution International 4.0 License.)*

EUPHONIA 2.0: Dorothy R. Santos notes, on Slate, that [**“conversational feminine A.I. are embedded in many of our visions of the future.”**](https://slate.com/technology/2022/10/feminized-ai-voice-assistants-siri-gender.html) This phenomenon long predates the contemporary virtual companions named Alexa, Siri, and Cortana (“a quasi-phalanx of helpful, cheerful A.I. women, ever-ready for our commands”). Santos notes examples from Joseph Faber’s Euphonia (“a mid-19th century analog voice synthesizer”), to the 1999 Disney movie *Smart House*, to the (excellent) BBC series *Humans*. And she recounts all this in the process of responding to [Ysabelle Cheung’s science fiction short story “Galatea.”](https://slate.com/technology/2022/10/galatea-by-ysabelle-cheung.html) Writes Santos: “Her story provokes us to contemplate what *women* might desire from feminine A.I. figures originally programmed to please, entice, and serve a male-coded user. In Cheung’s ‘Galatea,’ the female characters, human and A.I. alike, model irreducible nuance in their utterances and speech, despite being programmed (digitally) by their creators and through (analog) social forces, gendered expectations, and norms.”

BIG D̶A̶T̶A̶ EARS: McGill University professor Jonathan Sterne, author of *MP3: The Meaning of a Format*, and colleagues ask “Is Machine Listening Listening?” (Available as a [PDF](https://scholarworks.umass.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1111&context=cpo).) That question contains other questions: “**[W]hat do the researchers who build machine listening systems think they do?** What do the corporations and states who deploy them think they are doing? Do their users treat their listening machines as listeners?”

BACKGROUND NOISE JUNGLE: “Noise in preschools primarily affects speech intelligibility. Linguistic information is because of background noise masking, which has a particular impact on young children, children with a first language other than the language of instruction and children with language deficits” — a report from [Acoustic Bulletin](https://www.acousticbulletin.com/noise-in-preschools-the-effect-on-the-heart-rate-variability-of-preschool-teachers), a publication of Ecophon, which “manufactures and markets acoustic panels, baffles and ceiling systems.”

This graph shows how as the volume in a room rises, so too does the average heart rate of the people in the room.
Quiet Time: This graph shows how as the sound pressure level, in decibels (horizontal axis), rises, so too does the heart rate of individuals present (vertical axis).

The key recommendations are: (1) reduction of group size, (2) introduction of sound absorbing measures, and (3) an “activity-based” approach to room design. *(Image from the original Acoustic Bulletin article.)*

LOWERING THE BAR: “With the once hyper-active clubs forced into ‘silence’, party lovers from the city remain disappointed with the ban on loud music after 10 pm. Not all of them were comfortable with the idea of [**pubs handing out headphones if patrons requested loud music**](https://www.deccanchronicle.com/lifestyle/culture-and-society/301022/new-trend-of-silent-pubs-not-welcomed-by-all-in-hyderabad.html).” Noise pollution laws kick in in Hyderabad, India.

IN C: “Nightmares Can Be Silenced With a Single Piano Chord, Scientists Discover,” via Science Alert: “A study conducted on 36 patients diagnosed with a nightmare disorder showed that a combination of two simple therapies reduced the frequency of their bad dreams. Scientists invited the volunteers to rewrite their most frequent nightmares in a positive light and then [**playing sound associated with positive experiences as they slept**](https://www.sciencealert.com/nightmares-can-be-silenced-with-a-single-piano-chord-scientists-discover).” And the piano chord in question, in case you’re wondering, is [C69](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BzzMxcXcdPc). *(Thanks, Glenn Sogge!)*

HI-DEF JAM: Blind media artist Andy Slater talks about [**how his sensory impairment “informs” his work**](https://akimbo.ca/akimblog/the-cripsters-andy-slater-on-visual-impairment-and-sound-art/): “I realized that with the screen reader on my iPhone, there were some recording apps that actually were accessible. If you got microphones to plug into phone, you could do hi-def field recordings. That’s when I started recording in different spaces. I became more aware of my surroundings, and was finally able to capture the echolocation and sound in a room that lets you know how big the room is, what might be in the room, what the floor, the walls, or the ceiling are made of.” *(Via [holo.mg](https://www.holo.mg/stream/akimbo-cripsters-andy-slater-heawring/))*

Some Favorite Morning Sounds

Let's start with four

1: How if I’m the first to open the refrigerator, I hear its deep descending tones as it comes out of whatever constitutes overnight mode.

2: The pop and click of ice cubes in my one daily glass of iced coffee. This specific sound, a constant in my life for 20 years or so, was on my mind for [the first Disquiet Junto project](https://disquiet.com/2012/01/30/disquiet0001-ice/).

3: The bubbling of freshly cooked oatmeal (savory, with scallions, pepper, and sometimes mushroom and garlic).

4: On days when it’s cold, the sudden air-influx whoosh of the gravity heater when the flip is switched.